Selected Research · Most-Cited Studies

The Elbow

  1. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine · 2018

    In 52 throwing athletes across 14 studies, the olecranon accounted for 98% of elbow stress fractures; three quarters were ultimately treated operatively — a third after failed conservative care — and 96% returned to sport at or above their pre-injury level.

  2. Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine · 2022

    Unlike the chronic attritional UCL injuries of throwers, contact athletes sustain acute tears or avulsions through otherwise healthy tissue — making direct UCL repair a viable alternative to reconstruction, without the donor-site morbidity of a graft.

  3. JSES International · 2021

    Among throwing athletes who underwent isolated ulnar nerve transposition for ulnar neuritis, 87% returned to their sport with no surgical complications — but more than half sustained a subsequent ipsilateral shoulder or elbow injury from throwing, a signal for continued vigilance.

  4. The Journal of Emergency Medicine · 2018

    A 12-year-old pitcher's spiral humeral fracture was misdiagnosed as a glenohumeral dislocation, and reduction was attempted before imaging — a reminder to keep the rare pediatric thrower's fracture on the differential for acute arm pain and deformity after throwing.

Related book chapter

O'Hagan T, Stucken C, White AE, Dodson CC. Sports Specific Outcomes for Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction. In: Elbow Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injury: A Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment, 2nd Edition (Dines & Altchek, eds). Springer, 2020.

Citation counts from Europe PMC, September 2026. Each study links to its abstract on PubMed.